Tula Giannini e Jonathan P. Bowen (ed.) – Museums and Digital Culture: New Perspectives and Research

O livro Museums and Digital Culture: New Perspectives and Research debruça-se sobre a cultura digital, as práticas artísticas digitais e o seu impacto nos museus no século XXI, traçando o desenvolvimento da cultura digital desde os anos de 1940 até ao presente. Sob múltiplos pontos de vista, esta publicação reflecte sobre o crescente e preponderante papel dos meios digitais na sociedade e o consequente impacto nos diferentes aspectos da prática museal. Os temas abordados visam responder a alg..

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Tumores melanocíticos em equinos: estudo clínico, histopatológico e imunohistoquímico

Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária, Ciências VeterináriasA pele é o local mais comum de neoplasias em equinos. Supõe-se que a prevalência destas condições esteja a aumentar e estima-se que cerca de 2/3 (66%) dos tumores melanocíticos em equinos possam progredir para malignidade. A classificação destas lesões em equinos é complexa e dificulta o trabalho do patologista. A evolução ao nível das técnicas de imunohistoquímica tem sido importante no diagnóstico, prognóstico e terapêutica desta doença. Foi realizada a excisão cirúrgica de nódulos cutâneos de 43 equinos acompanhada de inquérito. A avaliação clínica baseou-se na idade (valor mínimo de 2,5 anos e máximo de 26 anos com média de 14,9 anos), género (51,2% ocorreram em machos e 48,8% em fêmeas), raça (sobretudo Puro-Sangue Lusitano - 60,5% e Cruzado Lusitano - 27,9%), pelagem (ruça em 90,7%, isabel em 4,7%, baia em 2,3% e castanha em 2,3%), quantidade (melanoma dérmico em 11,6% e melanomatose dérmica em 88,4%), tamanho (90,7 % pequeno, 44,2% médio e 25,6% grande), localização (zona perineal em 93%, outras localizações em 27,9% e padrão difuso em 4,7%) e duração das lesões (entre 6 meses e 20 anos). As amostras foram processadas e submetidas a análise histopatológica e imunohistoquímica. As variáveis histopatológicas avaliadas foram: localização (65,1 % na derme e 34,9% na derme e epiderme), tipo celular (7,0% fusiforme, 53,5% redondo e misto em 39,5%), ulceração (presente em 23,3%), quantidade de pigmento (escassa em 11,6%, moderada em 37,2% e abundante em 51,2%), quantidade de estroma (escassa em 44,2%, moderado em 37,2% e abundante em 18,6%), êmbolos vasculares/linfáticos (presentes em 9,3% das amostras). Obteve-se uma marcação positiva para o c-Kit em 62,8% das amostras. A quantidade, tamanho e localização das lesões são factores importantes na decisão terapêutica e no prognóstico das lesões. As variáveis histopatológicas podem ajudar a prever o comportamento dos tumores pelo que se deverá prosseguir com os estudos no sentido de estabelecer critérios direccionados para a espécie. A expressão desta proteína c-Kit não se encontrava avaliada em tumores melanocícitos de equinos. Obteve-se imunorreactividade em todos os tumores com características de malignidade evidente, dados que poderão ter implicações no diagnóstico e terapêutica dos mesmos.The skin is the most common site of neoplasia in the horse. It is assumed that the prevalence of this condition is increasing and it is estimated that about 2/3 (66%) of melanocytic tumors in horses can progress to malignancy. The classification of this disease in horses is complex and hinders the work of the pathologist. The development of immunohistochemistry techniques has been important in diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of this disease. Was performed the surgical excision of cutaneous nodules of 43 horses accompanied by inquiry. The clinical evaluation based on age (minimum 2.5 years old and a maximum of 26 years old with an average of 14.9 years old), gender (51.2% in males and 48.8% in females), breed (especially Lusitano - 60.5% and Lusitano Crossed Breed - 27.9%), coat color (gray in 90.7%, pearl in 4.7%, buckskin in 2.3% and bay in 2.3%), amount (dermal melanomas in 11.6% and dermal melanomatosis in 88.4%), size (90.7% small, 44.2% medium and 25.6% large), location (perineal area in 93%, other locations in 27.9% and diffuse in 4.7%) and duration of lesions (between 6 months and 20 years). The samples were processed and subjected to histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis. The histopathological variables evaluated were: location (65.1% in dermis and 34.9% in dermis and epidermis), cell type (7.0% spindle, 53.5% round and 39.5% mixed), ulceration (present in 23.3%), amount of pigment (poor in 11.6%, moderated in 37.2% and abundant in 51.2%), amount of stroma (poor in 44.2%, moderated in 37.2% and abundant in 18.6%) and vascular/lymphatic invasion (present in 9.3% of the samples). We obtained immunoreactivity for the c-Kit in 62.8% of the samples. The amount, size and location of the lesions are important factors in therapeutic decision and prognosis of the lesions. The histopathological variables can help predict the behavior of tumors, so we should continue with studies to establish criteria directed to the species. The expression of this protein c-Kit was evaluated for the first time, as far as we know, in equine melanocytic tumors. The fact that immunoreactivity was present in all tumors with features of evident malignancy may have implications on diagnosis and therapy of these tumors

Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) in Portugal: Novel GCK, HNFA1 and HNFA4 Mutations

Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a frequently misdiagnosed type of diabetes, which is characterized by early onset, autosomal dominant inheritance, and absence of insulin dependence. The most frequent subtypes are due to mutations of the GCK (MODY 2), HNF1A (MODY 3), and HNF4A (MODY 1) genes. We undertook the first multicenter genetic study of MODY in the Portuguese population. The GCK, HNF1A, and HNF4A genes were sequenced in 46 unrelated patients that had at least two of the three classical clinical criteria for MODY (age at diagnosis, family history, and clinical presentation). The functional consequences of the mutations were predicted by bioinformatics analysis. Mutations were identified in 23 (50%) families. Twelve families had mutations in the GCK gene, eight in the HNF1A gene, and three in the HNF4A gene. These included seven novel mutations (GCK c.494T>C, GCK c.563C>G, HNF1A c.1623G>A, HNF1A c.1729C>G, HNF4A c.68delG, HNF4A c.422G>C, HNF4A c.602A>C). Mutation-positive patients were younger at the time of diagnosis when compared to mutation-negative patients (14.3 vs. 23.0 years, p = 0.011). This study further expands the spectrum of known mutations associated with MODY, and may contribute to a better understanding of this type of diabetes and a more personalized clinical management of affected individuals

Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) in Portugal: Novel GCK, HNFA1 and HNFA4 Mutations

Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a frequently misdiagnosed type of diabetes, which is characterized by early onset, autosomal dominant inheritance, and absence of insulin dependence. The most frequent subtypes are due to mutations of the GCK (MODY 2), HNF1A (MODY 3), and HNF4A (MODY 1) genes. We undertook the first multicenter genetic study of MODY in the Portuguese population. The GCK, HNF1A, and HNF4A genes were sequenced in 46 unrelated patients that had at least two of the three classical clinical criteria for MODY (age at diagnosis, family history, and clinical presentation). The functional consequences of the mutations were predicted by bioinformatics analysis. Mutations were identified in 23 (50%) families. Twelve families had mutations in the GCK gene, eight in the HNF1A gene, and three in the HNF4A gene. These included seven novel mutations (GCK c.494T>C, GCK c.563C>G, HNF1A c.1623G>A, HNF1A c.1729C>G, HNF4A c.68delG, HNF4A c.422G>C, HNF4A c.602A>C). Mutation-positive patients were younger at the time of diagnosis when compared to mutation-negative patients (14.3 vs. 23.0 years, p = 0.011). This study further expands the spectrum of known mutations associated with MODY, and may contribute to a better understanding of this type of diabetes and a more personalized clinical management of affected individuals

Comentarios a una sentencia anunciada : el proceso Lula

El centenar de textos que conforman este libro -escritos por un movimiento de prestigiosos/as juristas y abogados- desgranan el procedimiento al que fue sometido Lula. En la opinión de las y los autores de los artículos las normas no fueron observadas, y su inobservancia llevó a que se dictaminase una decisión injusta. Frases del estilo "Voy a tomar una decisión revolucionaria, dejando de lado la ley, porque por la ley no se puede condenarlo de ninguna manera”, dichas en los juicios por las más altas autoridades judiciales militares y civiles, hoy son conocidas gracias a quienes se abocaron al trabajo de escuchar los audios de aquellas sesiones, nutriendo las reflexiones que argumentan sobre el imperativo de la hora: restablecer el estado de derecho y absolver al presidente Lula Da Silva

Comentários a uma sentença anunciada : o processo Lula

“Comentários a uma sentença: o Caso Lula” é talvez o mais importante documento jurídico publicado no Brasil em décadas. A presente coletânea de artigos nasceu de um movimento espontâneo e bastante significativo de juristas brasileiros e estrangeiros que examinaram cuidadosamente a sentença proferida no âmbito do processo que tramitou na 13ª Vara Federal de Curitiba, no caso que ficou conhecido na mídia como o do “tríplex do Guarujá”. <br>De la presentación de Geraldo Prad

Global variation in postoperative mortality and complications after cancer surgery: a multicentre, prospective cohort study in 82 countries

© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licenseBackground: 80% of individuals with cancer will require a surgical procedure, yet little comparative data exist on early outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared postoperative outcomes in breast, colorectal, and gastric cancer surgery in hospitals worldwide, focusing on the effect of disease stage and complications on postoperative mortality. Methods: This was a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of consecutive adult patients undergoing surgery for primary breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer requiring a skin incision done under general or neuraxial anaesthesia. The primary outcome was death or major complication within 30 days of surgery. Multilevel logistic regression determined relationships within three-level nested models of patients within hospitals and countries. Hospital-level infrastructure effects were explored with three-way mediation analyses. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03471494. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and Jan 31, 2019, we enrolled 15 958 patients from 428 hospitals in 82 countries (high income 9106 patients, 31 countries; upper-middle income 2721 patients, 23 countries; or lower-middle income 4131 patients, 28 countries). Patients in LMICs presented with more advanced disease compared with patients in high-income countries. 30-day mortality was higher for gastric cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (adjusted odds ratio 3·72, 95% CI 1·70–8·16) and for colorectal cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (4·59, 2·39–8·80) and upper-middle-income countries (2·06, 1·11–3·83). No difference in 30-day mortality was seen in breast cancer. The proportion of patients who died after a major complication was greatest in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (6·15, 3·26–11·59) and upper-middle-income countries (3·89, 2·08–7·29). Postoperative death after complications was partly explained by patient factors (60%) and partly by hospital or country (40%). The absence of consistently available postoperative care facilities was associated with seven to 10 more deaths per 100 major complications in LMICs. Cancer stage alone explained little of the early variation in mortality or postoperative complications. Interpretation: Higher levels of mortality after cancer surgery in LMICs was not fully explained by later presentation of disease. The capacity to rescue patients from surgical complications is a tangible opportunity for meaningful intervention. Early death after cancer surgery might be reduced by policies focusing on strengthening perioperative care systems to detect and intervene in common complications. Funding: National Institute for Health Research Global Health Research Unit